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Vaginal bleeding.

Vaginal bleeding. 

The menstrual cycle is a process that occurs periodically and naturally, during which blood flows and the lining of the uterus is removed through the vagina. A vagina outside of your period is an unusual condition called vaginal bleeding.

This vaginal bleeding also includes heavy bleeding during the menstrual cycle as well, and it is important to see a specialist doctor and perform the necessary tests; So that the doctor can determine the causes of vaginal bleeding, and thus develop a plan to treat it as required, and this article talks about the causes of vaginal bleeding.

Causes of vaginal bleeding.

As mentioned earlier, when the cause of bleeding from the vagina is not the menstrual cycle, it is considered abnormal bleeding, and it is called vaginal bleeding or irregular uterine bleeding in another medical term.  The body secretes progesterone, and because the function of progesterone is the growth of the endometrium, the endometrium becomes thicker and may cause heavy and abnormal vaginal bleeding.

The causes of vaginal bleeding are often related to problems in the female reproductive system, and in other cases, vaginal bleeding may occur as a result of taking some medications. Among the factors that affect and cause vaginal bleeding in women are the following:

• Hormonal imbalance: Estrogen and progesterone are among the hormones that regulate the menstrual cycle, and their imbalance may occur as a result of ovarian dysfunction or thyroid problems, and taking some medications such as birth control pills incorrectly leads to a disturbance in the levels of these hormones in the body.

• Pregnancy complications: Any complications or problems during pregnancy cause vaginal bleeding;  Bleeding during pregnancy can occur as a result of a miscarriage or an ectopic pregnancy. An ectopic pregnancy occurs when the fertilized egg implants itself in the fallopian tube, for example, instead of the uterus.

• Uterine fibroids: Uterine fibroids are benign, noncancerous, and uterine fibroids are not a common problem in women who have given birth.

• Infection: Reproductive tract infections cause vaginal bleeding and inflammation, and occur as a result of sex or pelvic inflammatory disease.

• Cancer: Cancer is a less common cause, but it causes vaginal bleeding when it occurs in a part of the reproductive system such as the uterus or ovaries.

• Rare cases: In certain cases, the cause of vaginal bleeding is a rare cause, such as severe stress or diabetes. Excessive weight gain or loss also causes vaginal bleeding, and thyroid problems are a possible cause.

Diagnosis of vaginal bleeding.

In general, a doctor should be consulted when vaginal bleeding occurs;  The causes of vaginal bleeding may be serious health problems that must be treated. In the case of pregnancy, the doctor must be consulted urgently and immediately. When visiting the specialist, the doctor asks several questions related to the symptoms of vaginal bleeding;  to be able to diagnose it.

The doctor also needs to know the medications the patient is taking, and the doctor conducts several tests to determine the cause of vaginal bleeding and be able to treat it appropriately, and blood samples are drawn to check hormone levels, to confirm that an imbalance in their levels is the cause of vaginal bleeding, and at the doctor’s request, a biopsy may be taken from the lining  The uterus is implanted, and the doctor uses an ultrasound device to diagnose vaginal bleeding and find out its causes.

Treatment of vaginal bleeding.

Treatment depends on identifying the causes of vaginal bleeding;  After the specialist determines the cause of vaginal bleeding, the appropriate treatment begins. In the event of hormonal disturbances causing vaginal bleeding;  As a result of the approaching menopause, the doctor prescribes contraceptives to correct this imbalance of hormones. 

and if the cause of the bleeding is a precancerous change in the lining of the uterus, the doctor prescribes drugs that contain progesterone;  To reduce the buildup of endometriosis and avoid the option of surgery as much as possible.

In cases of infection, antibiotics are necessary, and the option of hysterectomy is necessary when medications cannot control vaginal bleeding in any way. However, unless the cause of vaginal bleeding is cancer, the last resort is a hysterectomy if other treatments fail.

Complications of vaginal bleeding.

Complications of vaginal bleeding

In some cases, vaginal bleeding may disappear on its own. However, some women need to identify the causes of vaginal bleeding and receive appropriate treatment.  To notice positive changes and get rid of the problem of vaginal bleeding, for example, when hormonal disorders are the cause of vaginal bleeding. 

the menstrual cycle becomes more regular within months of receiving hormonal treatment, but ignoring vaginal bleeding and not seeing a specialist doctor leads to a worsening and deteriorating health condition if the cause of bleeding was  Vaginal infection or cancer. Failure to receive appropriate treatment may endanger the patient's life. Complications of chronic vaginal bleeding that can occur are the following:

• Fruitlessness and the failure to bear youngsters.

• Anemia is due to the loss of large amounts of blood over time.

• Increased risk of endometrial cancer.

This is in the case of chronic vaginal bleeding, but in the case of severe vaginal bleeding, and when the problem is ignored and not immediately consulted by a specialist;  To receive emergency and appropriate treatment, and complications that may occur are the following:

• Severe anemia.

• Reduction of Blood pressure.

• Shock.

• the death.

Types of vaginal bleeding.

Different types of vaginal bleeding occur during pregnancy.  The causes of vaginal bleeding during pregnancy can be determined by the quantity, symptoms associated with the bleeding, and gestational age during the bleeding period.

Bleeding in the first trimester of pregnancy:

Among the causes of bleeding during the first trimester of pregnancy are:

• Implantation bleeding: This bleeding occurs 10-14 days after conception and occurs when the fertilized egg becomes attached to the lining of the uterus.

• Ectopic pregnancy: This bleeding occurs when the fetus implants in one of the fallopian tubes, and it may lead to severe abdominal pain, and this pain may increase as the fetus grows, and it can lead to a rupture in the fallopian tubes and severe blood loss.

• Molar pregnancy: It is a defect during the fertilization process, which results in abnormal growth of tissues inside the uterus instead of the growth of the fetus.

• Cervical problems: Many changes occur during pregnancy in the cervix, including blood flow to the cervix, so during sexual intercourse, bleeding can occur. Other problems in the cervix can lead to bleeding and infection in the cervix and vagina.

• Spontaneous abortion: Bleeding, back pain, and pain in the lower abdomen are common symptoms of miscarriage, but sometimes the cervix remains closed, the bleeding stops and the fetus also remains alive.

Bleeding in the second and third trimesters of pregnancy:

Bleeding in the third trimester of pregnancy may be more serious, with the following causes:

• Placenta previa: occurs when the placenta completely or partially covers the opening of the birth canal, a condition that requires medical attention.

• Placental abruption: It is the accumulation of blood between the placenta and the uterus, and this condition is considered dangerous for the life of the mother and fetus.

• Uterine rupture.

• Labor: Light bleeding may occur, and it may be mixed with mucus.