Heart hole.
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| heart hole |
heart hole or barrier defect is hereditary heart disease; that appears in the child from birth, this congenital defect consists of a hole in the barrier separating the right and left part of the heart, making the blood mix, and there are two types of cardiac hole; The first is the hole of the atrial barrier that occurs in the barrier between the upper chambers of the heart, the atria, causing blood to mix between the right and left atrium, rather than going to the rest of the body.
It should be noted that the auricular barrier hole is a simple birth defect; Because the hole may close alone during childhood without the need for treatment The second type is the perforation of the ventricular barrier, where the hole appears in the barrier between the lower chambers of the heart, namely the ventricles, It conducts blood from the left ventricle and mixes with blood in the right ventricle Instead of going to the rest of the body, the larger the hole will affect the functioning of the heart and lungs negatively, for example, fluid may accumulate in the lungs.
Symptoms of a hole in the heart.
Symptoms of atrial barrier piercing.
Children and infants with atrial barrier piercing usually do not show any symptoms, but at some point, the infected child will suffer from slow growth. Symptoms and signs may begin to appear in adulthood, including:
- Feeling short of breath; Especially when exercising.
- Fatigue and general fatigue.
- Swelling of legs, feet, or abdomen.
- stroke.
- Heart palpitations, or arrhythmias.
- Cardiac puff: a sizzling sound that can be heard by a doctor.
Symptoms of ventricular barrier hole.
The symptoms of ventricular barrier piercing may vary depending on the size of the hole; Small holes may cause heart puff suffering without any symptoms, so the doctor does not notice any signs of ventricular piercing at the birth of the baby, so that symptoms may appear during childhood and may never appear, while several noticeable symptoms appear at an early stage in infants with large holes.
It usually appears when an infant is 6-8 weeks old, and symptoms include rapid breathing, difficulty breastfeeding, sweating while eating, slow weight gain, dyspnea, and fatigue easily, so it can be argued that the symptoms of ventricular barrier piercing range from simple to severe depending on the size of the hole and other associated heart defects.
Causes and treatment of the risk of a hole in the heart.
The causes of holes in the heart in most infants are unknown, but some infants may develop heart defects as a result of changes in genes or chromosomes and are thought to occur as a result of the availability of environmental factors along with genetic factors, such as the quality of a woman's nutrition during pregnancy or the medications she took during pregnancy.
The causes of atrial barrier piercing.
The cause of atrial barrier piercing is not known precisely, but it is believed that some congenital heart defects apply in the family genetically, and may be associated with other genetic disorders; Like Down's syndrome, so genetic counselors suggest that if an individual has a congenital heart defect, it increases the likelihood that their babies will be infected in the future, usually healthy babies will close the hole between the upper heart compartments after birth within a few weeks or months.
The function of this prenatal vent is to keep blood away from the lungs If the aperture remains larger than normal, this is associated with the child's atrial barrier perforation and may be accompanied by another heart defect, A pregnant woman may experience certain conditions and conditions that increase her fetus's risk of developing a congenital heart defect, of which the following are mentioned:
- Rubella infection, as a pregnant woman becomes infected with rubella in the early months of pregnancy may increase the risk of the fetus developing heart defects.
- The use of drugs and illicit drugs, tobacco, or drinking alcohol during pregnancy; negatively affects the development and development of the fetus.
- Diabetes or lupus; may increase the risk of the fetus developing heart defects.
Causes of ventricular barrier hole.
Sometimes a ventricular barrier hole is a genetic condition that applies in families and may occur in conjunction with other genetic disorders such as Down's syndrome, and when a single child in the family has perforated the ventricular barrier, the doctor discusses it with the parents the risk that the next child will develop the same problem.
and it should be noted that the ventricular barrier hole may appear in different sizes, And different places on the wall between the ventricles, and some people may get one or several holes at the same time, In some cases, the individual may develop a perforated ventricular barrier later in life. For example, after a heart attack, or as a result of complications occurring after heart surgery.
The ventricular barrier hole arises during the embryo's development; The muscular wall separating the heart does not fully form a right and left barrier between the lower ventricles of the heart here we show that in normal conditions the right part of the heart pumps blood into the lungs to get oxygen, The left part of the heart pumps oxygen-laden blood all over the body But if the ventricular barrier is pierced, oxygen-laden blood mixes with oxygenated blood. This prompts the heart to work more to get enough oxygen to the body's tissue.
Diagnosis of a hole in the heart.
A doctor may suspect a barrier defect when hearing a sound known as a cardiac puff; It is the sound issued as a result of a blood flow disorder during heart valves that suffer from distress or infusion, or due to a defect in the heart structure, and the doctor suggests an echocardiogram, (i.e. ultrasound imaging of the heart) to determine the exact size and location of the defect.
Also, to detect any enlargement of the heart compartments, or any other defects in the heart, as well as electrocardiograms, reveal signs of enlargement of one or more of the heart compartments, even in infants, while the chest X-ray image may reveal overall enlargement of the heart.
Treatment of heart hole.
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| Treatment of heart hole |
Treatment of atrial barrier hole.
heart hole usually does not cause any symptoms, so children with atrial barrier piercing usually do not need any medication treatment; But if the hole continues in the child after two to three years, the doctor may recommend a procedure to close it unless the hole is small to prevent any complications, or when symptoms appear noticeably, or if the heart is swollen, and the hole is closed without an open heart procedure, by introducing thin and long tubes known as catheters through the dusty area (the origin of the groin), pass it through blood vessels up to the heart, then close the defect in it with the closure tool that is placed through the catheter.
Treatment of ventricular barrier hole.
There are some cases where the ventricular barrier hole needs to be treated, for example when there is a small hole near the aortic valve so that the hole causes a leak from the valve, Known as aortic fuse regurgitation, this condition requires surgery to close the ventricular fuse hole and to repair or replace the aortic fuse.
Infants with some symptoms associated with moderate or large ventricular barrier defects or if a complication arises as heart failure. First, the doctor recommends taking some medications such as a furosemide diuretic to subtract excess fluids from the body, digoxin medication to help the heart pump blood harder, or angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors that help relax blood vessels and help the heart pump blood easily.
These medications alleviate symptoms and allow the ventricular barrier to be punctured by itself, and if the hole is not small or closed, the doctor usually recommends a lockdown procedure. Treatment can be diagnosed by saying that cases of ventricular barrier piercing diagnosed in infants are usually smaller in size over time.
even those large holes in size may close completely with time without the need for treatment, But if a child suffers from heart failure or failure, treatment becomes necessary. s incapacity to gain weight, Or if the hole is large after the child's first or second year of age even if the symptoms are minor.
The surgery for repairing the ventricular barrier hole is to perform an open heart procedure and put what looks like an artificial patch that is put in place to close the hole, then the heart tissue grows above the patch, not beyond it. As in cases of atrial barrier piercing, those with ventricular barrier piercing may need to take antibiotics before they visit the dentist, and before performing some surgeries; such as bronchitis, to prevent certain serious complications, known as endocarditis.
Can a hole in the heart cause death?
To answer the question of whether a cardiac hole leads to death or not, we have to examine its definition. A cardiac hole or barrier defect is a hole in the barrier separating the upper (atrial) or lower (ventricular) stone of the heart muscle, and this condition arises with the fetus before birth.
- A relatively small atrial barrier defect is a transient problem and is not life-threatening, and may not cause any problems, as it closes during breastfeeding or early childhood.
- Defect or perforation of the atrial barrier in a relatively large and untreated state can cause damage or heart and lung failure, and surgical intervention, in this case, may be necessary to prevent any occurrence.
- The ventricular barrier defect is non-life-threatening and usually automatically closes, but it can sometimes cause congestive heart failure symptoms to appear in 16-31% of sufferers, which can be treated surgically in time to save the patient's life. If not treated, heart arrhythmias can be serious and result in an enlarged heart muscle, thereby causing death.
In a study conducted to study the relationship between ventricular barrier defects and sudden death, the ventricular barrier defect in infants aged one week to 6 months is thought to cause sudden death when 4.2%, so heart hole is potentially a life-threatening condition and requires careful clinical follow-up especially when it comes to children.
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